三字经翻译

2007-07-09 20:38:52 / 个人分类：translation

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人之初　性本善　性相近　习相远
:L`-|+e1`B!RQX:b0men at their birth,
are naturally good.
their natures are much the same;
.W8M.F(?t y;C;J0their habits become widely different.

苟不教　性乃迁　教之道　贵以专
9F$jmY|0?'z0if follishly there is no teaching,
V;W'@5m]b!Y0the nature will deteriorate.
:Lg'?2N;K0the right way in teaching,
is to attach the utmost importance
F1D YBpC}s0in thoroughness.
(uXGFhbB-\#h0

昔孟母　择邻处　子不学　断机杼
of old, the mother of mencius
chose a neighbourhood
and when her child would not learn,
she broke the shuttle from the loom.

窦燕山　有义方　教五子　名俱扬
.x%^ rf$K+E7s0tou of the swallow hills
had the right method
he taugh five son,
] O-xkI/w%n0each of whom raised the family reputation.

养不教　父之过　教不严　师之惰
.EsK9kq@ H TU AH8@0to feed without teaching,
is the father\'s fault.
to teach without severity,
f7c^U2y!m0is the teacher\'s laziness.

子不学　非所宜　幼不学　老何为
j:A?QN@0if the child does not learn,
(\+gq2Zg0this is not as it should be.
&FGH rDh0if he does not learn while young,
`q._"dw'Y:G[&J'k0what will he be when old ?

玉不琢　不成器　人不学　不知义
if jade is not polished,
it cannot become a thing of use.
{B'tt!s#Gk(rb0if a man does not learn,
h,d)`*I {+|"kp3j0he cannot know his duty towards his neighbour.

为人子　方少时　亲师友　习礼仪
he who is the son of a man,
)L1h9yL CL ^s a7\+J*X e$]0when he is young,
2L/\3d za]0should attach himself to his teachers and friends;
ec D&ZX4c/]/i+f q0and practise ceremonial usages.

香九龄　能温席　孝於亲　所当执
XgQ+^P0hsiang, at nine years of age,
j%sRrI A d0could warm his parent\'s bed.
'[B5qk6`M!N0filial piety towards parents,
k-z6tpZN ~Y0is that to which we should hold fast.

融四岁　能让梨　弟於长　宜先知
?hV7ra3Q*d [ i0jung, at four years of age,
W ^-A7_s/X0could yield the (bigger) pears.
to hehave as a younger brother towards elders,
Z$VG&f&djPH:m%{0is one of the first things to know.

首孝弟　次见闻　知某数　识某文
RFKJT iCdZ0begin with filial piety and fraternal love,
%xS)Cd'\ [I!P+Z9v?0and then see and hear .
learn to count,
,Rz6UIGW0B0and learn to read.
^x'@p#c0

一而十　十而百　百而千　千而万
units and tens,
~#c!A9o"U*d/F)_0then tens and hundreds,
hundreds and thousands,
thousands and then tens of thousands.
.e5]K2U$C6A0

三才者　天地人　三光者　日月星
the three forces,
(Ks`xQT'o+V%|0are heaven, earth and man.
XNx7M%Vw7N f/en0the three luminaries,
are the sun,the moon and the stars.

三纲者　君臣义　父子亲　夫妇顺
the three bonds,
_4B+IoS!R0are the obligation between soverign and subject,
the love between father and child,
xT;DgF0the harmony between husband and wife.
uP2kkP(EVl@0

曰春夏　曰秋冬　此四时　运不穷
!V+q YcQj'YvJ7~1~n0we speak of spring and summer,
we speak of autumn and winter,
IF Rt\&Va$x.Q0these four seasons,
revolve without ceasing.
5p!PQ6T&r,n0

曰南北　曰西东　此四方　应乎中
we speak of north and south,
7K9n,e!S:g$z0we speak of east and west,
these four points,
respond to the requirements of the centre.
Kh4`-El|"q4PE5?\0

曰火水　木金土　此五行　本乎数
we speak of water, fire,
wood,metal and earth.
these five elements,
pX?$R6u*S,M b8B0have their origin in number.
3VH B)FT0[C(Tg0

曰仁义　礼智信　此五常　不容紊
5xqA ab3U/[)Y2WH0we speak of charity, of duty towards one neighbour,
of propriety, of wisdom, and of truth.
y!|*hrt@8C0these five virtues,
0YFX:G G s3iG0admit of no compromise.

稻粱菽　麦黍稷　此六谷　人所食
K$Y4@ Z,UL~FCY:?0rice , spike, millet, pulse
dj`\#p2T7H,N0wheat, glutinous millet and common millet,
these six grains,
&h+D8v(w?O0are those which men eat.

马牛羊　鸡犬豕　此六畜　人所饲
the horse, the ox, the sheep,
$^Y`(Bk_0the fowl, the dog, the pig.
these six animals,
0LK(K ]A0are those which men keep.

曰喜怒　曰哀惧　爱恶欲　七情具
we speak of joy, of anger
we speak of pity, of fear,
of love , of hate and of desire.
Reg+c"m[w0these are the seven passions.

匏土革　木石金与丝竹　乃八音
*gRl}nX'd uY)l0the gound, earthenware,skin
wood, stone metal,
5[I0k {DNY2{0silk and bamboo,
4Y!LQF;j;F0yield the eight musical sounds.

高曾祖　父而身　身而子　子而孙
(MT7q?CfEU0great great grandfather,great grandfather, grandfather,
#W5E a WG-j#t0father and self,
lU:Vq:{;ZC7`3~0self and son,
son and grandson,
B5zV W9`1_$V0

自子孙　至玄曾　乃九族　人之伦
[0|5I*F,mr0from son and grandson,
Qri D` vU9Y6R0on to great grandson and great great grandson.
these are the nine agnates,
constituting the kinships of man.

父子恩　夫妇从　兄则友　弟则恭
?/m9S;i uBE0affection between father and child,
F!est4N_*R@%q*g.q0harmony between husband and wife,
friendliness on the part of elder brothers,
respectfulness on the part of younger brothers,
w:{cgCPaggIo0

长幼序　友与朋　君则敬　臣则忠
#BlW8Ut&kyO$wp@0procedence(??) between elders and youngers, (probably : precedence )
as between friend and friend.
1EN~n ~HF0respect on the part of the sovereign,
!rm[RwC0loyalty on the part of the subject.
|5]`-V/l8S0

此十义　人所同
Ch e+LG{ftN;ul0these ten obligations,
3hq$M.m-I Cm6z6B;EC0are common to all men.

凡训蒙　须讲究　详训诂　名句读
in the education of the young,
-~*GP7{?7T"Zho%t0there should be explanation and eluciation,
7_4s-[$B1mX{D2^8~{ f0careful teaching of the interpretations of commentators,
|v!v$zJ I/T)p0and due attention to paragraphs and sentences.
j+@'J}hyy-v1O0

为学者　必有初　小学终　至四书
those who are learners,
must have a beginning.
q7KB ]%a0the \'little learning\' finished,
they proceed to the four books.

论语者　二十篇　群弟子　记善言
there is the lun yu (discourse or analects),
%O0Kvt@$NR'C6j5F0in twenty sections.
lS0J!qo,n.N0in this, the various disciples,
L;m9]*Wg S3D0have recorded the wise sayings of confucious.

孟子者　七篇止　讲道德　说仁义
the works of mencius,
have comprised in seven section.
these explain the way and exemplifications thereof,
^Y8@bTW4k0and expound clarity and duty towards one\'s neighbour.

作中庸　子思笔　中不偏　庸不易
the chung yung (the doctrine of the mean),
by the pen of tzu-su;
\JWlN)N!f0chung (the middle) being that which odes not lean toward! s any side,
/pF b}+]tp)AdhV0yung( the course) being that which cannot be changed.

作大学　乃曾子　自修齐　至平治
he who wrote the \'great learning\'
was the philosopher tseng.
dh?cx"{\/{k0beginning with cultivation of the individual and ordering of the family,
it goes on to government of one\'s own state and ordering of the family.

孝经通　四书熟　如六经　始可读
6~[d2wp9zh a7j D0when the \'classic of filial piety\' is mastered,
oI+[J'F}0and the \'four books\' are known by heart.
2~n;KB*snv ?)[.X0the next step is to the \'six classics\',
which may now be studied.
,YpIt*IM-y7u$| R0

诗书易　礼春秋　号六经　当讲求
the books of poetry, of history and of changes.
the \'rites of chou dynasty, the book of tites, and the \'spring and autum
8un8U1gFn0annals\'
are the six classics
[7bwoWm.s0which should be carefully explained and analysed.
(|&DkUN8xq0

有连山　有归藏　有周易　三易详
0du ]~,`l&Q*Im0there is the lien shan system,
&u,rdPwUnA6{2c0there is the kuei tsang
$I+oM-Rx0and there is the system of changes of the chou dynasty,
Vtuw_po6y0such are the 3 systems wh! ich elucidate the changes.

有典谟　有训诰　有誓命　书之奥
"Cyi\'{\4{0there are the regulations and the counsels,
9tEs}r"|+bi0the instruction, the annoucements,
the oaths, the charges,
}9Pv,S:`0these are the profundities of the book of history.

我周公　作周礼　著六官　存治
s!O(o6~d0x0our duke of chou,
(dea5_Q1KY2V6]3u0drew up the ritual of the chou dynasty,
in which he set forth the duties of the six classes of officials;
*t1sx$@4zN"O0and thus gave a settled form to the government.

大小戴　注礼记　述圣言　礼乐备
the elder and the younger tai,
5d`W"g%VX0u.m0wrote commentaries on the book of rites.
they publish the holy words,
and ceremonies and music were set in order.
ANG;G'M!B;]#ja0

曰国风　曰雅颂　号四诗　当讽咏
AkBvR.l5l0we speak of the kuo feng,
&H E(d s#CC;Hj}0we speak of the ya and the sung.
these are the four sections of the book of poetry,
which should be hummed over and over.

诗既亡　春秋作　寓褒贬　别善恶
when odes ceased to be made,
the spring and autumn annals were produced.
5Tz ~+t%}o0th! ese annals contain praise and blame,
and distinguish the good from the bad.
4d^FqXIa0

三传者　有公羊　有左氏　有彀梁
um0rX%P^8h)V0the three commentaries upon the above,
include that of kung-yang,
th at of tso
N;MfF2\ mV[0and that of ku-liang

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