三字经翻译

2007-07-09 20:38:52 / 个人分类：translation

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人之初　性本善　性相近　习相远
zHDk*K+y|XO0men at their birth,
e_/Ft+y!ByW w0are naturally good.
Z1py$_)Lf-tC#B?0their natures are much the same;
their habits become widely different.

苟不教　性乃迁　教之道　贵以专
3r O~Tl7b6p0if follishly there is no teaching,
the nature will deteriorate.
the right way in teaching,
is to attach the utmost importance
*g/I6U2En5rc0in thoroughness.

昔孟母　择邻处　子不学　断机杼
of old, the mother of mencius
chose a neighbourhood
and when her child would not learn,
she broke the shuttle from the loom.
K"]7J}*gS[8Yp)j+}0

窦燕山　有义方　教五子　名俱扬
tou of the swallow hills
had the right method
\!Ege4k'n;Bb|h'O0he taugh five son,
each of whom raised the family reputation.
5tG6o,C5`^3o|~0

养不教　父之过　教不严　师之惰
#iKY0H2l/A#LI9F0to feed without teaching,
RW ^r]-xE0is the father\'s fault.
!W:U$d1](x,Qzc?O5t0to teach without severity,
is the teacher\'s laziness.

子不学　非所宜　幼不学　老何为
~:mC4[ V L;C;JNh6Q0if the child does not learn,
this is not as it should be.
if he does not learn while young,
what will he be when old ?

玉不琢　不成器　人不学　不知义
if jade is not polished,
it cannot become a thing of use.
if a man does not learn,
he cannot know his duty towards his neighbour.
n!O\$Ae7?k%| K0

为人子　方少时　亲师友　习礼仪
g.IY0T1C$}7F.gO0he who is the son of a man,
when he is young,
.p8RJ*mV|e0should attach himself to his teachers and friends;
-k7Z2W H g0G'`{0and practise ceremonial usages.
(n+FD0rLLL0

香九龄　能温席　孝於亲　所当执
hsiang, at nine years of age,
could warm his parent\'s bed.
filial piety towards parents,
is that to which we should hold fast.

融四岁　能让梨　弟於长　宜先知
Gn1O1e%{0jung, at four years of age,
s{HUi9D1Pzn0could yield the (bigger) pears.
ts;\8l_"c0I!y0to hehave as a younger brother towards elders,
o+}m7I,C \F#{3G p0is one of the first things to know.
"B)q,hT2g5@7` GpAyV0

首孝弟　次见闻　知某数　识某文
begin with filial piety and fraternal love,
1\ gu*n#\9b$B0and then see and hear .
learn to count,
and learn to read.
P\L:K jF0

一而十　十而百　百而千　千而万
units and tens,
then tens and hundreds,
hundreds and thousands,
X;RK1C"t!p;kH j0thousands and then tens of thousands.

三才者　天地人　三光者　日月星
z#dWG%a,L M$Lg,v0the three forces,
are heaven, earth and man.
)e]RMh0the three luminaries,
^)o`"iOuZ7U0are the sun,the moon and the stars.
B%~HQ0rAOG3ia0

三纲者　君臣义　父子亲　夫妇顺
7D0Z#\R4d0the three bonds,
Dsy]8J5xya$U0are the obligation between soverign and subject,
the love between father and child,
the harmony between husband and wife.
J`h$?\3BCT!l!Wz0

曰春夏　曰秋冬　此四时　运不穷
we speak of spring and summer,
MN\iB?0we speak of autumn and winter,
l/W@or4UDf0these four seasons,
V^3[!y,a9@E0revolve without ceasing.
(~qE,?/PItI0

曰南北　曰西东　此四方　应乎中
we speak of north and south,
H1k,]!t q(K6T:X._]0we speak of east and west,
these four points,
c"s0~JE'n-O r:IQ0respond to the requirements of the centre.

曰火水　木金土　此五行　本乎数
we speak of water, fire,
C)Pks [\P0wood,metal and earth.
$[O wEf0xH0these five elements,
1qb(ZG:F0have their origin in number.

曰仁义　礼智信　此五常　不容紊
we speak of charity, of duty towards one neighbour,
F'OD{bg/_ | Pz0U0of propriety, of wisdom, and of truth.
these five virtues,
.~2p%B'\aG(p,NL0admit of no compromise.

稻粱菽　麦黍稷　此六谷　人所食
rice , spike, millet, pulse
#v7t+a:na+rj0wheat, glutinous millet and common millet,
these six grains,
QB^E$yar5Q4o&e+{0are those which men eat.
KWS4qr1^C]0

马牛羊　鸡犬豕　此六畜　人所饲
the horse, the ox, the sheep,
the fowl, the dog, the pig.
'@gxa O}%Z0these six animals,
u7{4wS1~_&D|7b0are those which men keep.
tu(k K1_f0

曰喜怒　曰哀惧　爱恶欲　七情具
mR FH9a3a'o0we speak of joy, of anger
W3wR"v)dd#]V0we speak of pity, of fear,
of love , of hate and of desire.
these are the seven passions.

匏土革　木石金与丝竹　乃八音
.f1skc0^0the gound, earthenware,skin
wood, stone metal,
)t,`*J3_U.u0[0silk and bamboo,
yield the eight musical sounds.
.Hq-_l6o#e,k?0

高曾祖　父而身　身而子　子而孙
great great grandfather,great grandfather, grandfather,
]?#[o$hD|%N:M y0father and self,
self and son,
]w6wg!p u`"r0son and grandson,

自子孙　至玄曾　乃九族　人之伦
from son and grandson,
on to great grandson and great great grandson.
these are the nine agnates,
constituting the kinships of man.

父子恩　夫妇从　兄则友　弟则恭
affection between father and child,
harmony between husband and wife,
%JZ&w;Q;REI3C0friendliness on the part of elder brothers,
respectfulness on the part of younger brothers,

长幼序　友与朋　君则敬　臣则忠
procedence(??) between elders and youngers, (probably : precedence )
as between friend and friend.
$Z\e^jf$h lV0respect on the part of the sovereign,
loyalty on the part of the subject.

此十义　人所同
these ten obligations,
are common to all men.

凡训蒙　须讲究　详训诂　名句读
5?t9m/@J{W/pt0in the education of the young,
there should be explanation and eluciation,
V)M`;Lx,w2R#}}!h0careful teaching of the interpretations of commentators,
and due attention to paragraphs and sentences.

为学者　必有初　小学终　至四书
^'GtB!}%I7^7V0those who are learners,
must have a beginning.
the \'little learning\' finished,
1d5n@1_ S3i3D0they proceed to the four books.
-GZC3xe-eA0

论语者　二十篇　群弟子　记善言
there is the lun yu (discourse or analects),
'D:s'gyg,W0in twenty sections.
7Eu ] s5kb c(l0in this, the various disciples,
have recorded the wise sayings of confucious.
7k#`z G2gY(@0

孟子者　七篇止　讲道德　说仁义
the works of mencius,
.d`+N-rKg x)L0have comprised in seven section.
these explain the way and exemplifications thereof,
and expound clarity and duty towards one\'s neighbour.
{I3OBr3U0

作中庸　子思笔　中不偏　庸不易
the chung yung (the doctrine of the mean),
by the pen of tzu-su;
chung (the middle) being that which odes not lean toward! s any side,
yung( the course) being that which cannot be changed.
'y y2g1c c oh,X$\ Z0

作大学　乃曾子　自修齐　至平治
he who wrote the \'great learning\'
9d$q.o#Kt0was the philosopher tseng.
'W1Jl8_2?px0beginning with cultivation of the individual and ordering of the family,
it goes on to government of one\'s own state and ordering of the family.

孝经通　四书熟　如六经　始可读
zt'wV-PI0when the \'classic of filial piety\' is mastered,
P/~sN\~y0and the \'four books\' are known by heart.
the next step is to the \'six classics\',
which may now be studied.
FuSB6`4q6t0

诗书易　礼春秋　号六经　当讲求
V v e&`;u|0the books of poetry, of history and of changes.
the \'rites of chou dynasty, the book of tites, and the \'spring and autum
2R"qYv)M"Hz0annals\'
are the six classics
which should be carefully explained and analysed.

有连山　有归藏　有周易　三易详
jg#i3l9|-D _p-I$V0there is the lien shan system,
there is the kuei tsang
and there is the system of changes of the chou dynasty,
such are the 3 systems wh! ich elucidate the changes.
%a,|b9iiY$e-Y0

有典谟　有训诰　有誓命　书之奥
there are the regulations and the counsels,
]!k#] qa}8b_0the instruction, the annoucements,
;tL7dx(Y&m*A%e2GBt0the oaths, the charges,
4UR/ws;ne0these are the profundities of the book of history.

我周公　作周礼　著六官　存治
our duke of chou,
3S Y:`4p@qH9oGn0drew up the ritual of the chou dynasty,
(a%h0OrJMYQ~0in which he set forth the duties of the six classes of officials;
eX EX|xl.g0and thus gave a settled form to the government.

大小戴　注礼记　述圣言　礼乐备
the elder and the younger tai,
wrote commentaries on the book of rites.
they publish the holy words,
i7}$CBBMn0and ceremonies and music were set in order.

曰国风　曰雅颂　号四诗　当讽咏
we speak of the kuo feng,
InN/[Q.T{QEv0we speak of the ya and the sung.
b9Og\7R5cZ2a'S0these are the four sections of the book of poetry,
)R#o4Ug$K0which should be hummed over and over.
-u:}!WyJ1Gh0

诗既亡　春秋作　寓褒贬　别善恶
when odes ceased to be made,
the spring and autumn annals were produced.
th! ese annals contain praise and blame,
and distinguish the good from the bad.
'@.S] V1A8N2^+Q3U:K0

三传者　有公羊　有左氏　有彀梁
the three commentaries upon the above,
include that of kung-yang,
th at of tso
and that of ku-liang

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